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煙臺翻譯公司關鍵字：Second, China's employment system is lagging behind in what areas? How big drawback?1, the urban-rural split, regional employment system of household registration closedSince the introduction in 1958 and affirmed by the Constitution in 1982, the household registration system to citizens from the residence is divided into non-agricultural population and agricultural population, which represents the vast majority of the population of the rural population is limited to agricultural land, non-approval not move into the city. Although the reform and opening up have been tens of millions of surplus rural labor into cities or spontaneous self-development of the rural town, realized in the second and tertiary industries of employment in recent years, the region has also made some in the household registration reform, However, the fundamental policy and legal restrictions on the urban-rural split is still not make the traditional employment system has been exceeded, a large number of migrant workers still live the city life or the odd home was the status of migratory birds, their basic rights are not effective protection. Employment system and the urban and rural areas to match the employment system of household registration closed, that is only in urban domicile employment, migration of urban residents to go through the same rigorous examination and approval. Nearly 600 million people in the resident population in Shenzhen, more than 50% of people do not Shenzhen accounts. Similar not only in Guangdong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and other provinces are more developed are more common, and in some underdeveloped areas has become the norm.
2, the field staff not only into the state and national commitment to the identity of the employment system of unlimited liability
On the one hand, state-owned enterprises since the reform and opening up the reform of labor and personnel to promote a number of measures, such as contract, employment system, and so on, and there are about 50 million SOE workers lost their jobs, but the state has so far failed to launch a global significance employment system reform initiatives, tens of millions of workers still state-owned enterprises as state employees; the other hand, the employment system of state-owned institutions had not touched any state employee status of the institution and the national civil service workers are still in a similar the state. In fact, employees of state-owned areas of the country's permanent employees, the State assumes the identity of a state employee, an employee of unlimited liability. This is the real identity of the employment system, which the country faces enormous financial risk.
3, the industry as a symbol of ownership and the level of employment systemThis system is the first two employment system is further broken down, that is, in the broadest range of practitioners who will be divided into rural and urban membership are two membership levels, and then turn the city staff by nationality of ownership and industry practitioners in different sub- a number of levels, from lower to higher order: the individual and private enterprises, collective enterprises, a variety of mixed-ownership enterprises, state-owned enterprises, state institutions, employees and other state organs. Which, depending on the industry in the state-owned enterprises are classified into several different levels, such as competitive state-owned enterprises, state-owned monopoly, quasi-public state-owned enterprises and public spheres; in state institutions because of the different sources of funding into the general self-financing, with concession is self-financing, the difference between grants, full funding and other
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